Gulper, ripper and scrapper: anatomy of the neck in three species of vultures - Vulture Conservation Foundation (2024)

Donate

  • About us

    Who we are and the work we do

    • Our History

    Read about our the beginnings of the VCF

    • How We Are Run
    • Management Board
    • Advisory Board
    • Meet the Team

    Find out who are part of VCF

  • Vultures
    • Bearded Vulture

    Europe’s Rarest Vulture

    • Cinereous Vulture

    Europe’s Largest Vulture

    • Egyptian Vulture

    Europe’s Only Globally Endangered Vulture

    • Griffon Vulture

    Europe’s most social vulture

  • Our Work
    • Captive Breeding
    • Bearded Vulture EEP
    • Cinereous Vulture EEP
    • Egyptian Vulture EEP
    • Research
    • Tackling Threats
    • Monitoring
    • Bearded Vulture Maps
    • Cinereous Vulture Maps
    • Egyptian Vulture Maps
    • Griffon Vulture Maps
    • Rüppell's Vulture Maps
    • International Bearded Vulture Monitoring Network
    • Reintroduction And Restocking
    • Bearded Vulture to the Alps
    • Bearded Vulture to Andalusia
    • Bearded Vulture To Corsica
    • Bearded Vulture To Maestrazgo
    • Cinereous Vulture Bulgaria
    • Cinereous Vulture France
    • Cinereous Vulture Mallorca
    • Egyptian Vulture Bulgaria
    • Egyptian Vulture Italy
    • Griffon Vulture Cyprus
    • Griffon Vulture Bulgaria
    • Griffon Vulture France
    • Griffon Vulture Sardinia
  • Projects
    • ONGOING PROJECTS
    • LIFE Aegypius Return
    • BalkanDetox LIFE
    • Bearded Vulture LIFE
    • LIFE Gyp'Act
    • LIFE GypRescue
    • LIFE SUPport
    • LIFE Safe for Vultures
    • LIFE with Vultures
    • Illegal Killing of Birds
    • COMPLETED PROJECTS
    • Vultures Back to LIFE
    • LIFE GypConnect
    • LIFE RE-Vultures
    • LIFE Rupis
    • LIFE GypHelp
    • LIFE EUROSAP
    • Energy Infrastructure
    • Balkan Anti-Poisoning Project
    • Ban Vet Diclofenac in Europe
  • News
  • Events
  • Contact
  • Homepage
  • Posts
  • Gulper, ripper and scrapper: anatomy of the neck in three species of vultures
  • Date: January 8, 2020
  • Tags: 2020-01, cinereousvulture, griffonvulture, research

Share This Post

Gulper, ripper and scrapper: anatomy of the neck in three species of vultures - Vulture Conservation Foundation (2)

A recently published journal analysed the highly complex neck anatomy of three closely-related vulture species that distinctly differ in feeding strategy – the gulper (Griffon Vulture), ripper (Cinereous Vulture) and scrapper (Hooded vulture).

Different feeding strategies

Vultures are obligate scavengers whose niche behaviour of feeding exclusively on carrion is vital for helping keep ecosystems healthy. However, the competition among sympatric vultures led to ecological differences such as the preference for certain types of food from a carcass.

Via comparative dissections, the study (Böhmer et al. 2020J Anatomy) analysed the highly complex structure of the head-neck system of three vulture species that exploit the same food resources in different ways. Gulpers such as the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) feed primarily on the softer viscera. In contrast, rippers such as the Cinereous Vulture (Aegypius monachus) feed primarily on the tough skin and hide of a carcass. Scrappers (or peckers) such as the Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) feed primarily on small scraps on and around the carcass. These differences in feeding strategies have been related to differences in size and shape of their beak, skull and mandible, and are linked to differences in head movements. The study looked into the movements of the head, which are executed around several or even all joints of the cervical vertebral column, and where knowledge of the detailed muscular anatomy of the neck in vultures was lacking.

Insights from the study

Left: Musculoskeletal system of the head and neck in vultures.Summary of the musculature of the Griffon Vulture and the Cinereous Vulture.

Right: Atlas-axis complex. 3D models of the first and second cervical vertebra of the Griffon Vulture. The areas of origin and insertion of the neck muscles are shown in colour.

Source: Böhmer et al. 2020 J Anatomy

The study revealed differences in the number of cervical vertebrae, in the morphology of the atlas−axis complex as well as in the neck musculature despite overall similarities in the musculoskeletal system. Gulpers, rippers, and scrappers adopt specific postures while feeding on a carcass, but the cervical vertebral column is indispensable to position the head during all kinds of behaviour. The great range of demands may explain the conservation of the overall muscle topography of the neck across the studied taxa.

Read thecomplete study

Gulper, ripper and scrapper: anatomy of the neck in three species of vultures.Böhmer C, Prevoteau J, Duriez O and Abourachid A (2020)Journal of Anatomy.10.1111/joa.13129.

PrevPreviousFive feeding sites built in the Greek part of Rhodope Mountains as part of LIFE Re-Vultures

NextCinereous Vulture in Spain killed by ingesting illegal poisoned baitNext

Related Posts

New Cinereous Vulture breeding colony discovered in Portugal

July 19, 2024

Following the discovery of a fifth breeding colony by the ICNF, the LIFE Aegypius Return project

Cinereous Vultures set a new breeding season record in Bulgaria

July 4, 2024

Conservation efforts for Cinereous Vultures in Bulgaria have achieved a significant milestone this year with a

Animation videos: understanding ecosystem services and the role of vultures

June 28, 2024

The air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat are essential for

Supporting Griffon Vultures in Asinara National Park

June 20, 2024

A striking milestone for the LIFE Safe for Vultures project and the Asinara National Park in

DONATE

Support our work and help us protect vultures

Help Now

Stay tuned with the Vulture Conservation Foundation

Sign up to our email list to receive the latest news about vultures and our work!

Get Started

  • About us
  • Vultures
  • Our work
  • Projects
  • News
  • Events
  • Careers

Donate

Support our work and help protect vultures

Donate

Get in touch

  • Vulture Conservation Foundation Sandstrasse 2, CH-8003 Zürich, Switzerland
  • info@4vultures.org

© Vulture Conservation Foundation l Privacy Policy l Terms of use

Designed:LightBlack

Gulper, ripper and scrapper: anatomy of the neck in three species of vultures - Vulture Conservation Foundation (2024)

FAQs

What animals are scrappers? ›

'Scrappers' (or 'peckers') feed primarily on small scraps on and around the carcass. This group involves the Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus) and the Hooded vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus).

What is the anatomy of a birds neck? ›

Most birds have about three times as many neck vertebrae as humans, which allows for increased stability during fast movements such as flying, landing, and taking-off. The neck plays a role in head-bobbing which is present in at least 8 out of 27 orders of birds, including Columbiformes, Galliformes, and Gruiformes.

How many species of vultures are there in the world? ›

There are 23 extant species of vulture (including condors). Old World vultures include 16 living species native to Europe, Africa, and Asia; New World vultures are restricted to North and South America and consist of seven identified species, all belonging to the Cathartidae family.

Which animal was tamed by man? ›

The primary animal to be tamed or domesticated was a Goat. Afterward the first humans started domesticating wolves which then developed to Dogs. Goats were one amongst the primary animals to be domesticated by humans about a few years ago.

What animal releases bad smell? ›

And while it might not sound glamorous, some animals evolved to smell bad. Skunks are the most famous stink-sprayers, but they're not alone. Some millipedes — creepy crawlers with hundreds of little legs — shoot a nasty liquid out of their bodies when disturbed.

Can I touch my birds neck? ›

Don't pet your bird anywhere below their neck, and only pet them gently on their head. Even if a bird's sexual organs aren't located in the areas of their back and beneath their wings, most birds still prefer being pet on the head and neck.

What bird can rotate its neck? ›

In an Exorcist-style display of flexibility, owls can rotate their necks a maximum of 270 degrees without breaking blood vessels or tearing tendons.

What is a birds neck called? ›

NAPE. Directly behind the bird's head is its nape. This is a word describing the back of the neck, which is also used to describe human bodies. On a House Sparrow, the nape is chestnut. The middle and upper back of a bird is referred to as its mantle but is often just called its back.

What does it mean when someone calls you a buzzard? ›

Slang. a contemptible or cantankerous person (often preceded by old ): That old buzzard has lived in the same shack for twenty years.

What is the rarest vulture in the world? ›

The white-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis) is an Old World vulture native to South and Southeast Asia. It has been listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2000, as the population severely declined.

What's the difference between vultures and buzzards? ›

There are New World vultures, which consist of the Cathartidae family, and there are Old World vultures, which consist of the Accipitridae family. Buzzards, however, are a species of hawk that belong to the Buteo genus. They are predators that go after live prey, not carrion.

What animal collects junk? ›

Lacewing larvae (also known as 'junk bugs') have been collecting trash for at least 110 million years, making them some of nature's oldest collectors. Thousands of species of lacewings can be found flourishing in tropical and temperate climates around the world.

Which animal throws spikes? ›

The quills usually lie flat against the porcupine's body until they encounter a threat, at which point they “puff up” and erect their quills, swinging their spiny tails until the threat either leaves them alone or gets a sharp whack and a face, hand, or paw full of quills.

What animals can throw stuff? ›

Primates that are known to throw are humans, bonobos, chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, capuchins, certain gibbons and perhaps some baboons and Japanese macaques (although not rhesus macaques). A chimpanzee named Santino in a Swedish zoo was observed to stockpile stones to be used as missiles against visitors.

What animal stashes things? ›

Animals like chipmunks and squirrels usually come to mind when we think of stockpiling food, but we wondered which other animals hoard, or cache, stockpiles of food before winter sets in. We found a few surprises, from head-biting moles to jerky-making ants.

Top Articles
10 Things You Didn’t Know About Jonathan Taylor Thomas
Which output off that re-examination defined about to general leading which moment press setzt, permits, oder reject one foreign applications
Thor Majestic 23A Floor Plan
Main Moon Ilion Menu
Bin Stores in Wisconsin
Fully Enclosed IP20 Interface Modules To Ensure Safety In Industrial Environment
Recent Obituaries Patriot Ledger
Costco The Dalles Or
LA Times Studios Partners With ABC News on Randall Emmett Doc Amid #Scandoval Controversy
Lqse-2Hdc-D
今月のSpotify Japanese Hip Hopベスト作品 -2024/08-|K.EG
Worcester On Craigslist
Industry Talk: Im Gespräch mit den Machern von Magicseaweed
Haunted Mansion Showtimes Near Millstone 14
Check From Po Box 1111 Charlotte Nc 28201
NHS England » Winter and H2 priorities
Persona 5 Royal Fusion Calculator (Fusion list with guide)
How to Grow and Care for Four O'Clock Plants
Bidevv Evansville In Online Liquid
How To Tighten Lug Nuts Properly (Torque Specs) | TireGrades
Anesthesia Simstat Answers
Rgb Bird Flop
Solo Player Level 2K23
Datingscout Wantmatures
Publix Coral Way And 147
"Pure Onyx" by xxoom from Patreon | Kemono
How to Use Craigslist (with Pictures) - wikiHow
Nail Salon Open On Monday Near Me
Att U Verse Outage Map
Solarmovie Ma
Matlab Kruskal Wallis
Aveda Caramel Toner Formula
Toonily The Carry
Manatee County Recorder Of Deeds
Aliciabibs
Mcgiftcardmall.con
Toth Boer Goats
Nancy Pazelt Obituary
888-333-4026
Culver's of Whitewater, WI - W Main St
2700 Yen To Usd
Gold Dipping Vat Terraria
Gas Buddy Il
9:00 A.m. Cdt
American Bully Puppies for Sale | Lancaster Puppies
How to Connect Jabra Earbuds to an iPhone | Decortweaks
Star Sessions Snapcamz
De boeken van Val McDermid op volgorde
60 Second Burger Run Unblocked
View From My Seat Madison Square Garden
Best brow shaping and sculpting specialists near me in Toronto | Fresha
Intuitive Astrology with Molly McCord
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Dean Jakubowski Ret

Last Updated:

Views: 6092

Rating: 5 / 5 (70 voted)

Reviews: 85% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Dean Jakubowski Ret

Birthday: 1996-05-10

Address: Apt. 425 4346 Santiago Islands, Shariside, AK 38830-1874

Phone: +96313309894162

Job: Legacy Sales Designer

Hobby: Baseball, Wood carving, Candle making, Jigsaw puzzles, Lacemaking, Parkour, Drawing

Introduction: My name is Dean Jakubowski Ret, I am a enthusiastic, friendly, homely, handsome, zealous, brainy, elegant person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.